| Record Information |
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| Version | 5.0 |
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| Status | Detected and Quantified |
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| Creation Date | 2006-10-16 11:41:27 UTC |
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| Update Date | 2022-03-07 02:49:24 UTC |
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| HMDB ID | HMDB0004999 |
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| Secondary Accession Numbers | |
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| Metabolite Identification |
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| Common Name | Loperamide |
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| Description | Loperamide is an opioid receptor agonist and acts on the mu opioid receptors in the myenteric plexus large intestines; it does not affect the central nervous system like other opioids; Loperamide usually as hydrochloride, is a drug effective against diarrhea resulting from gastroenteritis or inflammatory bowel disease. In most countries it is available generically under brand names such as Lopex, Imodium, Dimor and Pepto Diarrhea Control; Treatment should be avoided in the presence of fever or if the stool is bloody. Treatment is not recommended for patients who could suffer detrimental effects from rebound constipation. If there is a suspicion of diarrhea associated with organisms that can penetrate the intestinal walls, such as E. coli O157:H7 or salmonella, loperamide is contraindicated; Loperamide, usually as hydrochloride, is a drug effective against diarrhea resulting from gastroenteritis or inflammatory bowel disease. In most countries it is available generically under brand names such as Lopex, Imodium, Dimor and Pepto Diarrhea Control; it does not affect the central nervous system like other opioids; One of the long-acting synthetic antidiarrheals; it is not significantly absorbed from the gut, and has no effect on the adrenergic system or central nervous system, but may antagonize histamine and interfere with acetylcholine release locally; Loperamide is an opioid receptor agonist and acts on the mu opioid receptors in the myenteric plexus large intestines. |
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| Structure | CN(C)C(=O)C(CCN1CCC(O)(CC1)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1)(C1=CC=CC=C1)C1=CC=CC=C1 InChI=1S/C29H33ClN2O2/c1-31(2)27(33)29(24-9-5-3-6-10-24,25-11-7-4-8-12-25)19-22-32-20-17-28(34,18-21-32)23-13-15-26(30)16-14-23/h3-16,34H,17-22H2,1-2H3 |
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| Synonyms | | Value | Source |
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| Loperamida | ChEBI | | Loperamidum | ChEBI | | Diamide | Kegg | | Apo-loperamide | HMDB | | Imodium a-D | HMDB | | Imodium a-D caplets | HMDB | | Kaopectate II | HMDB | | Loperacap | HMDB | | Loperamide hydrochloride | HMDB | | Maalox anti-diarrheal | HMDB | | Nu-loperamide | HMDB | | PMS-Loperamide | HMDB | | Rho-loperamide | HMDB | | Hydrochloride, loperamide | HMDB | | Imodium | HMDB | | Monohydrochloride, loperamide | HMDB | | Loperamide monohydrochloride | HMDB |
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| Chemical Formula | C29H33ClN2O2 |
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| Average Molecular Weight | 477.038 |
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| Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 476.223056017 |
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| IUPAC Name | 4-[4-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-hydroxypiperidin-1-yl]-N,N-dimethyl-2,2-diphenylbutanamide |
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| Traditional Name | imodium |
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| CAS Registry Number | 53179-11-6 |
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| SMILES | CN(C)C(=O)C(CCN1CCC(O)(CC1)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1)(C1=CC=CC=C1)C1=CC=CC=C1 |
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| InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C29H33ClN2O2/c1-31(2)27(33)29(24-9-5-3-6-10-24,25-11-7-4-8-12-25)19-22-32-20-17-28(34,18-21-32)23-13-15-26(30)16-14-23/h3-16,34H,17-22H2,1-2H3 |
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| InChI Key | RDOIQAHITMMDAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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| Chemical Taxonomy |
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| Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as diphenylmethanes. Diphenylmethanes are compounds containing a diphenylmethane moiety, which consists of a methane wherein two hydrogen atoms are replaced by two phenyl groups. |
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| Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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| Super Class | Benzenoids |
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| Class | Benzene and substituted derivatives |
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| Sub Class | Diphenylmethanes |
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| Direct Parent | Diphenylmethanes |
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| Alternative Parents | |
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| Substituents | - Diphenylmethane
- Phenylpiperidine
- Phenylacetamide
- Chlorobenzene
- Aralkylamine
- Halobenzene
- Aryl chloride
- Aryl halide
- Piperidine
- N-acyl-amine
- Tertiary carboxylic acid amide
- Tertiary alcohol
- Amino acid or derivatives
- Carboxamide group
- Tertiary aliphatic amine
- Tertiary amine
- Carboxylic acid derivative
- Azacycle
- Organoheterocyclic compound
- Organooxygen compound
- Organic nitrogen compound
- Amine
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Alcohol
- Organic oxide
- Carbonyl group
- Organopnictogen compound
- Organic oxygen compound
- Organohalogen compound
- Organochloride
- Organonitrogen compound
- Aromatic heteromonocyclic compound
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| Molecular Framework | Aromatic heteromonocyclic compounds |
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| External Descriptors | |
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| Ontology |
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| Not Available | Not Available |
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| Physical Properties |
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| State | Solid |
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| Experimental Molecular Properties | | Property | Value | Reference |
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| Melting Point | Not Available | Not Available | | Boiling Point | Not Available | Not Available | | Water Solubility | Not Available | Not Available | | LogP | Not Available | Not Available |
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| Experimental Chromatographic Properties | Experimental Collision Cross Sections |
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| Predicted Molecular Properties | |
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| Predicted Chromatographic Properties | Predicted Collision Cross SectionsPredicted Retention Times Underivatized| Chromatographic Method | Retention Time | Reference |
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| Measured using a Waters Acquity ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC) ethylene-bridged hybrid (BEH) C18 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm; 1.7 μmparticle diameter). Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022. Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022. | 8.15 minutes | 32390414 | | Predicted by Siyang on May 30, 2022 | 11.5765 minutes | 33406817 | | Predicted by Siyang using ReTip algorithm on June 8, 2022 | 2.01 minutes | 32390414 | | AjsUoB = Accucore 150 Amide HILIC with 10mM Ammonium Formate, 0.1% Formic Acid | 75.9 seconds | 40023050 | | Fem_Long = Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 1555.0 seconds | 40023050 | | Fem_Lipids = Ascentis Express C18 with (60:40 water:ACN):(90:10 IPA:ACN) and 10mM NH4COOH + 0.1% Formic Acid | 203.4 seconds | 40023050 | | Life_Old = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:(20:80 acetone:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid | 219.3 seconds | 40023050 | | Life_New = RP Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:(30:70 MeOH:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid | 193.0 seconds | 40023050 | | RIKEN = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 138.7 seconds | 40023050 | | Eawag_XBridgeC18 = XBridge C18 3.5u 2.1x50 mm with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 417.8 seconds | 40023050 | | BfG_NTS_RP1 =Agilent Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 (2.1 mm x 150 mm, 3.5 um) with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 462.3 seconds | 40023050 | | HILIC_BDD_2 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN(0.1% formic acid):water(16 mM ammonium formate) | 771.7 seconds | 40023050 | | UniToyama_Atlantis = RP Waters Atlantis T3 (2.1 x 150 mm, 5 um) with ACN:Water and 0.1% Formic Acid | 963.2 seconds | 40023050 | | BDD_C18 = Hypersil Gold 1.9µm C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 400.7 seconds | 40023050 | | UFZ_Phenomenex = Kinetex Core-Shell C18 2.6 um, 3.0 x 100 mm, Phenomenex with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 1329.2 seconds | 40023050 | | SNU_RIKEN_POS = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 275.4 seconds | 40023050 | | RPMMFDA = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 358.4 seconds | 40023050 | | MTBLS87 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water and :ammonium carbonate | 414.1 seconds | 40023050 | | KI_GIAR_zic_HILIC_pH2_7 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN:Water and 0.1% FA | 376.7 seconds | 40023050 | | Meister zic-pHILIC pH9.3 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water 5mM NH4Ac pH9.3 and 5mM ammonium acetate in water | 8.0 seconds | 40023050 |
Predicted Kovats Retention IndicesUnderivatizedDerivatized |
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| Spectra |
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| GC-MS Spectra| Spectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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| Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Loperamide GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-0pi0-5322900000-2bef1a5d1980c912f5c8 | 2017-09-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Loperamide GC-MS (1 TMS) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-00b9-9141830000-374d6457abdd96e40298 | 2017-10-06 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Loperamide GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Loperamide GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
MS/MS Spectra| Spectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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| Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Loperamide Quattro_QQQ 10V, Positive-QTOF (Annotated) | splash10-004i-0000900000-673950710672b433271c | 2012-07-25 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Loperamide Quattro_QQQ 25V, Positive-QTOF (Annotated) | splash10-014i-0090000000-4b7b347a8b8e9dca406c | 2012-07-25 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Loperamide Quattro_QQQ 40V, Positive-QTOF (Annotated) | splash10-02t9-0090000000-31f15df976e23e73330a | 2012-07-25 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Loperamide LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-004i-0000900000-d91d13c4e4665bd5fb5a | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Loperamide LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-004i-0020900000-f1be3181a6918c985ffd | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Loperamide LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 30V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-014i-0090000000-e5e41346303f41f65688 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Loperamide LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-014i-0090000000-acd8b87c1338e5d0fe25 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Loperamide LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 50V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-014i-0090000000-81b85f788d14641430fd | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Loperamide LC-ESI-IT (LC/MSD Trap XCT, Agilent Technologies) , Positive-QTOF | splash10-014i-0090000000-3ce1a89454d777268799 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Loperamide LC-ESI-IT (LC/MSD Trap XCT, Agilent Technologies) , Positive-QTOF | splash10-03di-0090000000-f101d63ad0bf8e5d2178 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Loperamide LC-ESI-QQ , positive-QTOF | splash10-004i-0000900000-d91d13c4e4665bd5fb5a | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Loperamide LC-ESI-QQ , positive-QTOF | splash10-004i-0020900000-f1be3181a6918c985ffd | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Loperamide LC-ESI-QQ , positive-QTOF | splash10-014i-0090000000-e5e41346303f41f65688 | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Loperamide LC-ESI-QQ , positive-QTOF | splash10-014i-0090000000-acd8b87c1338e5d0fe25 | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Loperamide LC-ESI-QQ , positive-QTOF | splash10-014i-0090000000-81b85f788d14641430fd | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Loperamide LC-ESI-IT , positive-QTOF | splash10-014i-0090000000-1a1a49f09397ad090e82 | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Loperamide , positive-QTOF | splash10-016r-0090600000-794ea6214c0cd97c73fa | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Loperamide LC-ESI-QFT , positive-QTOF | splash10-016r-0090300000-e11942e343a28799a5ab | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Loperamide 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-014i-0090000000-e482bc2c0a1e10520074 | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Loperamide 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0a6r-0000900000-c552184a0cc3cba81217 | 2017-07-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Loperamide 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0a6r-0152900000-1622570e5cfe3e4ad7c2 | 2017-07-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Loperamide 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-000f-0986200000-36a2062a72571fc2e1fc | 2017-07-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Loperamide 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-004i-0000900000-d60ba2c0d78000f3e593 | 2017-07-26 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Loperamide 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-004i-1211900000-6d663785b1048680810b | 2017-07-26 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Loperamide 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-03k9-7890100000-9b573ea36bcd5ddcbc35 | 2017-07-26 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
NMR Spectra| Spectrum Type | Description | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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| Experimental 2D NMR | [1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, CDCl3, experimental) | 2012-12-05 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
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| Biological Properties |
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| Cellular Locations | - Membrane (predicted from logP)
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| Biospecimen Locations | |
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| Tissue Locations | Not Available |
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| Pathways | |
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| Normal Concentrations |
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| Blood | Detected and Quantified | 0.0024 +/- 0.0008 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details |
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| Abnormal Concentrations |
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| Not Available |
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| Associated Disorders and Diseases |
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| Disease References | None |
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| Associated OMIM IDs | None |
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| External Links |
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| DrugBank ID | DB00836 |
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| Phenol Explorer Compound ID | Not Available |
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| FooDB ID | FDB023576 |
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| KNApSAcK ID | Not Available |
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| Chemspider ID | 3818 |
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| KEGG Compound ID | C07080 |
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| BioCyc ID | Not Available |
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| BiGG ID | Not Available |
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| Wikipedia Link | Loperamide |
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| METLIN ID | 1016 |
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| PubChem Compound | 3955 |
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| PDB ID | Not Available |
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| ChEBI ID | 6532 |
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| Food Biomarker Ontology | Not Available |
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| VMH ID | Not Available |
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| MarkerDB ID | Not Available |
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| Good Scents ID | Not Available |
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| References |
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| Synthesis Reference | Chu, Chi-Ya; Hsu, Li-Ying; Wang, Mei-Li; Hsu, Kuo-Ying. Synthesis of the new antidiarrheal drug-loperamide. Huadong Huagong Xueyuan Xuebao (1981), (1), 143-6. CODEN: HHKPDM ISSN:0253-9683. CAN 95:115232 AN 1981:515232 |
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| Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) | Download (PDF) |
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| General References | - Pauli-Magnus C, Feiner J, Brett C, Lin E, Kroetz DL: No effect of MDR1 C3435T variant on loperamide disposition and central nervous system effects. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2003 Nov;74(5):487-98. [PubMed:14586389 ]
- Sadeque AJ, Wandel C, He H, Shah S, Wood AJ: Increased drug delivery to the brain by P-glycoprotein inhibition. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2000 Sep;68(3):231-7. [PubMed:11014404 ]
- Caldara R, Testori GP, Ferrari C, Romussi M, Rampini P, Borzio M, Barbieri C: Effect of loperamide, a peripheral opiate agonist, on circulating glucose, free fatty acids, insulin, C-peptide and pituitary hormones in healthy man. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1981;21(3):185-8. [PubMed:6797827 ]
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