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Showing Protein Candidapepsin-2 (HMDBP14604)

IdentificationBiological propertiesGene propertiesProtein propertiesExternal linksReferencesXMLShow 1 metabolite
Identification
HMDB Protein ID HMDBP14604
Secondary Accession Numbers None
Name Candidapepsin-2
Synonyms
  1. ACP 2
  2. Aspartate protease 2
  3. Secreted aspartic protease 2
Gene Name SAP2
Protein Type Unknown
Biological Properties
General Function Not Available
Specific Function Secreted aspartic peptidases (SAPs) are a group of ten acidic hydrolases considered as key virulence factors. These enzymes supply the fungus with nutrient amino acids as well as are able to degrade the selected host's proteins involved in the immune defense. Induces host inflammatory cytokine production in a proteolytic activity-independent way. Plays a role in tissue damage during superficial infection. Moreover, acts toward human hemoglobin though limited proteolysis to generate a variety of antimicrobial hemocidins, enabling to compete with the other microorganisms of the same physiological niche using the microbicidal peptides generated from the host protein.
Pathways Not Available
Reactions Not Available
GO Classification
Biological Process
proteolysis
nitrogen compound metabolic process
pathogenesis
cellular protein catabolic process
fungal-type cell wall organization
protein catabolic process
induction by symbiont of host defense response
adhesion of symbiont to host
induction by symbiont of defense-related host calcium ion flux
protein metabolic process
signal peptide processing
Cellular Component
extracellular region
fungal-type cell wall
extracellular vesicle
Molecular Function
aspartic-type endopeptidase activity
Cellular Location Not Available
Gene Properties
Chromosome Location Not Available
Locus Not Available
SNPs Not Available
Gene Sequence Not Available
Protein Properties
Number of Residues 398
Molecular Weight 42315.655
Theoretical pI 4.701
Pfam Domain Function
Signals
  • 1-18;
Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Protein Sequence Not Available
GenBank ID Protein Not Available
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P0DJ06
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name CARP2_CANAL
PDB IDs Not Available
GenBank Gene ID Not Available
GeneCard ID Not Available
GenAtlas ID Not Available
HGNC ID Not Available
References
General References
  1. Jones T, Federspiel NA, Chibana H, Dungan J, Kalman S, Magee BB, Newport G, Thorstenson YR, Agabian N, Magee PT, Davis RW, Scherer S: The diploid genome sequence of Candida albicans. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 May 11;101(19):7329-34. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0401648101. Epub 2004 May 3. [PubMed:15123810 ]
  2. van het Hoog M, Rast TJ, Martchenko M, Grindle S, Dignard D, Hogues H, Cuomo C, Berriman M, Scherer S, Magee BB, Whiteway M, Chibana H, Nantel A, Magee PT: Assembly of the Candida albicans genome into sixteen supercontigs aligned on the eight chromosomes. Genome Biol. 2007;8(4):R52. doi: 10.1186/gb-2007-8-4-r52. [PubMed:17419877 ]
  3. Muzzey D, Schwartz K, Weissman JS, Sherlock G: Assembly of a phased diploid Candida albicans genome facilitates allele-specific measurements and provides a simple model for repeat and indel structure. Genome Biol. 2013;14(9):R97. doi: 10.1186/gb-2013-14-9-r97. [PubMed:24025428 ]
  4. Smolenski G, Sullivan PA, Cutfield SM, Cutfield JF: Analysis of secreted aspartic proteinases from Candida albicans: purification and characterization of individual Sap1, Sap2 and Sap3 isoenzymes. Microbiology (Reading). 1997 Feb;143 ( Pt 2):349-356. doi: 10.1099/00221287-143-2-349. [PubMed:9043112 ]
  5. De Bernardis F, Arancia S, Morelli L, Hube B, Sanglard D, Schafer W, Cassone A: Evidence that members of the secretory aspartyl proteinase gene family, in particular SAP2, are virulence factors for Candida vaginitis. J Infect Dis. 1999 Jan;179(1):201-8. doi: 10.1086/314546. [PubMed:9841840 ]
  6. Schaller M, Januschke E, Schackert C, Woerle B, Korting HC: Different isoforms of secreted aspartyl proteinases (Sap) are expressed by Candida albicans during oral and cutaneous candidosis in vivo. J Med Microbiol. 2001 Aug;50(8):743-747. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-50-8-743. [PubMed:11478679 ]
  7. Farley PC, Christeller JT, Sullivan ME, Sullivan PA, Laing WA: Analysis of the interaction between the aspartic peptidase inhibitor SQAPI and aspartic peptidases using surface plasmon resonance. J Mol Recognit. 2002 May-Jun;15(3):135-44. doi: 10.1002/jmr.568. [PubMed:12203839 ]
  8. Schaller M, Bein M, Korting HC, Baur S, Hamm G, Monod M, Beinhauer S, Hube B: The secreted aspartyl proteinases Sap1 and Sap2 cause tissue damage in an in vitro model of vaginal candidiasis based on reconstituted human vaginal epithelium. Infect Immun. 2003 Jun;71(6):3227-34. doi: 10.1128/IAI.71.6.3227-3234.2003. [PubMed:12761103 ]
  9. Schaller M, Korting HC, Borelli C, Hamm G, Hube B: Candida albicans-secreted aspartic proteinases modify the epithelial cytokine response in an in vitro model of vaginal candidiasis. Infect Immun. 2005 May;73(5):2758-65. doi: 10.1128/IAI.73.5.2758-2765.2005. [PubMed:15845479 ]
  10. Pietrella D, Rachini A, Pandey N, Schild L, Netea M, Bistoni F, Hube B, Vecchiarelli A: The Inflammatory response induced by aspartic proteases of Candida albicans is independent of proteolytic activity. Infect Immun. 2010 Nov;78(11):4754-62. doi: 10.1128/IAI.00789-10. Epub 2010 Aug 16. [PubMed:20713630 ]
  11. Aoki W, Kitahara N, Miura N, Morisaka H, Yamamoto Y, Kuroda K, Ueda M: Comprehensive characterization of secreted aspartic proteases encoded by a virulence gene family in Candida albicans. J Biochem. 2011 Oct;150(4):431-8. doi: 10.1093/jb/mvr073. Epub 2011 Jun 5. [PubMed:21646240 ]
  12. Ramage G, Coco B, Sherry L, Bagg J, Lappin DF: In vitro Candida albicans biofilm induced proteinase activity and SAP8 expression correlates with in vivo denture stomatitis severity. Mycopathologia. 2012 Jul;174(1):11-19. doi: 10.1007/s11046-012-9522-2. [PubMed:22302440 ]
  13. Staniszewska M, Bondaryk M, Siennicka K, Kurek A, Orlowski J, Schaller M, Kurzatkowski W: In vitro study of secreted aspartyl proteinases Sap1 to Sap3 and Sap4 to Sap6 expression in Candida albicans pleomorphic forms. Pol J Microbiol. 2012;61(4):247-56. [PubMed:23484407 ]
  14. Bochenska O, Rapala-Kozik M, Wolak N, Bras G, Kozik A, Dubin A, Aoki W, Ueda M, Mak P: Secreted aspartic peptidases of Candida albicans liberate bactericidal hemocidins from human hemoglobin. Peptides. 2013 Oct;48:49-58. doi: 10.1016/j.peptides.2013.07.023. Epub 2013 Aug 6. [PubMed:23927842 ]
  15. Staib P, Kretschmar M, Nichterlein T, Hof H, Morschhauser J: Host versus in vitro signals and intrastrain allelic differences in the expression of a Candida albicans virulence gene. Mol Microbiol. 2002 Jun;44(5):1351-66. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.02967.x. [PubMed:12028383 ]
  16. Ganesan K, Banerjee A, Datta A: Molecular cloning of the secretory acid proteinase gene from Candida albicans and its use as a species-specific probe. Infect Immun. 1991 Sep;59(9):2972-7. doi: 10.1128/iai.59.9.2972-2977.1991. [PubMed:1879921 ]
  17. Copping VM, Barelle CJ, Hube B, Gow NA, Brown AJ, Odds FC: Exposure of Candida albicans to antifungal agents affects expression of SAP2 and SAP9 secreted proteinase genes. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2005 May;55(5):645-54. doi: 10.1093/jac/dki088. Epub 2005 Apr 8. [PubMed:15820985 ]
  18. Gropp K, Schild L, Schindler S, Hube B, Zipfel PF, Skerka C: The yeast Candida albicans evades human complement attack by secretion of aspartic proteases. Mol Immunol. 2009 Dec;47(2-3):465-75. doi: 10.1016/j.molimm.2009.08.019. Epub 2009 Oct 31. [PubMed:19880183 ]