Hmdb loader
Identification
HMDB Protein ID HMDBP12619
Secondary Accession Numbers None
Name Apelin receptor
Synonyms
  1. Angiotensin receptor-like 1
  2. B78
  3. G-protein coupled receptor APJ
  4. GPCR34
Gene Name APLNR
Protein Type Unknown
Biological Properties
General Function Not Available
Specific Function Receptor for apelin receptor early endogenous ligand (APELA) and apelin (APLN) hormones coupled to G proteins that inhibit adenylate cyclase activity (PubMed:11359874). Plays a key role in early development such as gastrulation, blood vessels formation and heart morphogenesis by acting as a receptor for APELA hormone. May promote angioblast migration toward the embryonic midline, i.e. the position of the future vessel formation, during vasculogenesis. Promotes sinus venosus (SV)-derived endothelial cells migration into the developing heart to promote coronary blood vessel development. Plays also a role in various processes in adults such as regulation of blood vessel formation, blood pressure, heart contractility and heart failure (By similarity).
Pathways
  • Apelin signaling pathway
  • Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction
Reactions Not Available
GO Classification
Biological Process
vasculogenesis
venous blood vessel development
vascular associated smooth muscle cell differentiation
regulation of gap junction assembly
positive regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol
positive regulation of inhibitory G protein-coupled receptor phosphorylation
endocardial cushion formation
atrioventricular valve development
aorta development
positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell proliferation involved in sprouting angiogenesis
coronary vasculature development
heart looping
negative regulation of cAMP-mediated signaling
negative regulation of gene expression
positive regulation of histone deacetylation
G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway
ventricular septum morphogenesis
regulation of body fluid levels
gastrulation
adult heart development
positive regulation of angiogenesis
angiogenesis
heart development
blood vessel development
Cellular Component
integral to membrane
membrane
plasma membrane
Molecular Function
G protein-coupled receptor activity
apelin receptor activity
peptide binding
Cellular Location Not Available
Gene Properties
Chromosome Location Not Available
Locus Not Available
SNPs Not Available
Gene Sequence Not Available
Protein Properties
Number of Residues 377
Molecular Weight 42348.57
Theoretical pI 7.236
Pfam Domain Function
Signals Not Available
Transmembrane Regions
  • 31-53;65-87;107-129;142-164;201-223;243-265;285-307;
Protein Sequence Not Available
GenBank ID Protein Not Available
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q9JHG3
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name APJ_RAT
PDB IDs Not Available
GenBank Gene ID Not Available
GeneCard ID Not Available
GenAtlas ID Not Available
HGNC ID Not Available
References
General References
  1. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed:15489334 ]
  2. Hosoya M, Kawamata Y, Fukusumi S, Fujii R, Habata Y, Hinuma S, Kitada C, Honda S, Kurokawa T, Onda H, Nishimura O, Fujino M: Molecular and functional characteristics of APJ. Tissue distribution of mRNA and interaction with the endogenous ligand apelin. J Biol Chem. 2000 Jul 14;275(28):21061-7. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M908417199. [PubMed:10777510 ]
  3. O'Carroll AM, Selby TL, Palkovits M, Lolait SJ: Distribution of mRNA encoding B78/apj, the rat homologue of the human APJ receptor, and its endogenous ligand apelin in brain and peripheral tissues. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2000 Jun 21;1492(1):72-80. doi: 10.1016/s0167-4781(00)00072-5. [PubMed:11004481 ]
  4. De Mota N, Lenkei Z, Llorens-Cortes C: Cloning, pharmacological characterization and brain distribution of the rat apelin receptor. Neuroendocrinology. 2000 Dec;72(6):400-7. doi: 10.1159/000054609. [PubMed:11146423 ]
  5. Reaux A, De Mota N, Skultetyova I, Lenkei Z, El Messari S, Gallatz K, Corvol P, Palkovits M, Llorens-Cortes C: Physiological role of a novel neuropeptide, apelin, and its receptor in the rat brain. J Neurochem. 2001 May;77(4):1085-96. doi: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00320.x. [PubMed:11359874 ]