| Identification |
|---|
| HMDB Protein ID
| HMDBP12616 |
| Secondary Accession Numbers
| None |
| Name
| Apelin |
| Synonyms
|
- APJ endogenous ligand
|
| Gene Name
| APLN |
| Protein Type
| Unknown |
| Biological Properties |
|---|
| General Function
| Not Available |
| Specific Function
| Endogenous ligand for the apelin receptor (APLNR) (PubMed:9792798). Drives internalization of APLNR (By similarity). Apelin-36 dissociates more hardly than (pyroglu)apelin-13 from APLNR (By similarity). Hormone involved in the regulation of cardiac precursor cell movements during gastrulation and heart morphogenesis (By similarity). Has an inhibitory effect on cytokine production in response to T-cell receptor/CD3 cross-linking; the oral intake of apelin in the colostrum and the milk might therefore modulate immune responses in neonates (By similarity). Plays a role in early coronary blood vessels formation (By similarity). Mediates myocardial contractility in an ERK1/2-dependent manner (By similarity). May also have a role in the central control of body fluid homeostasis by influencing vasopressin release and drinking behavior (By similarity). |
| Pathways
|
- Apelin signaling pathway
- Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction
|
| Reactions
| Not Available |
| GO Classification
|
| Biological Process |
| angiogenesis |
| positive regulation of heart contraction |
| gastrulation |
| negative regulation of blood pressure |
| apelin receptor signaling pathway |
| coronary vasculature development |
| drinking behavior |
| positive regulation of G protein-coupled receptor internalization |
| Cellular Component |
| extracellular space |
| extracellular region |
| Molecular Function |
| apelin receptor binding |
| hormone activity |
|
| Cellular Location
|
Not Available
|
| Gene Properties |
|---|
| Chromosome Location
| Not Available |
| Locus
| Not Available |
| SNPs
| Not Available |
| Gene Sequence
|
Not Available
|
| Protein Properties |
|---|
| Number of Residues
| 77 |
| Molecular Weight
| 8743.27 |
| Theoretical pI
| 11.388 |
| Pfam Domain Function
|
|
| Signals
|
|
|
Transmembrane Regions
|
Not Available
|
| Protein Sequence
|
Not Available
|
| External Links |
|---|
| GenBank ID Protein
| Not Available |
| UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID
| Q9TUI9 |
| UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name
| APEL_BOVIN |
| PDB IDs
|
Not Available |
| GenBank Gene ID
| Not Available |
| GeneCard ID
| Not Available |
| GenAtlas ID
| Not Available |
| HGNC ID
| Not Available |
| References |
|---|
| General References
| - Tatemoto K, Hosoya M, Habata Y, Fujii R, Kakegawa T, Zou MX, Kawamata Y, Fukusumi S, Hinuma S, Kitada C, Kurokawa T, Onda H, Fujino M: Isolation and characterization of a novel endogenous peptide ligand for the human APJ receptor. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1998 Oct 20;251(2):471-6. doi: 10.1006/bbrc.1998.9489. [PubMed:9792798 ]
- Habata Y, Fujii R, Hosoya M, Fukusumi S, Kawamata Y, Hinuma S, Kitada C, Nishizawa N, Murosaki S, Kurokawa T, Onda H, Tatemoto K, Fujino M: Apelin, the natural ligand of the orphan receptor APJ, is abundantly secreted in the colostrum. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1999 Oct 13;1452(1):25-35. doi: 10.1016/s0167-4889(99)00114-7. [PubMed:10525157 ]
|
