| Identification |
|---|
| HMDB Protein ID
| HMDBP12174 |
| Secondary Accession Numbers
| None |
| Name
| Cytosolic phospholipase A2 |
| Synonyms
|
- cPLA2
- Phospholipase A2 group IVA
|
| Gene Name
| PLA2G4A |
| Protein Type
| Unknown |
| Biological Properties |
|---|
| General Function
| Not Available |
| Specific Function
| Has primarily calcium-dependent phospholipase and lysophospholipase activities, with a major role in membrane lipid remodeling and biosynthesis of lipid mediators of the inflammatory response (By similarity). Plays an important role in embryo implantation and parturition through its ability to trigger prostanoid production (By similarity). Preferentially hydrolyzes the ester bond of the fatty acyl group attached at sn-2 position of phospholipids (phospholipase A2 activity). Selectively hydrolyzes sn-2 arachidonoyl group from membrane phospholipids, providing the precursor for eicosanoid biosynthesis via the cyclooxygenase pathway. In an alternative pathway of eicosanoid biosynthesis, hydrolyzes sn-2 fatty acyl chain of eicosanoid lysophopholipids to release free bioactive eicosanoids. Hydrolyzes the ester bond of the fatty acyl group attached at sn-1 position of phospholipids (phospholipase A1 activity) only if an ether linkage rather than an ester linkage is present at the sn-2 position. This hydrolysis is not stereospecific. Has calcium-independent phospholipase A2 and lysophospholipase activities in the presence of phosphoinositides. Has O-acyltransferase activity. Catalyzes the transfer of fatty acyl chains from phospholipids to a primary hydroxyl group of glycerol (sn-1 or sn-3), potentially contributing to monoacylglycerol synthesis (By similarity). |
| Pathways
|
- alpha-Linolenic acid metabolism
- arachidonate metabolism
- Arachidonic acid metabolism
- Choline metabolism in cancer
- Ether lipid metabolism
- Fc epsilon RI signaling pathway
- Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis
- Glutamatergic synapse
- Glycerophospholipid metabolism
- GnRH signaling pathway
- Inflammatory mediator regulation of TRP channels
- leukotriene B4 biosynthesis
- Linoleic acid metabolism
- Long-term depression
- MAPK signaling pathway
- Necroptosis
- Ovarian steroidogenesis
- Oxytocin signaling pathway
- Phospholipase D signaling pathway
- Platelet activation
- prostaglandin biosynthesis
- Ras signaling pathway
- Serotonergic synapse
- Vascular smooth muscle contraction
- VEGF signaling pathway
|
| Reactions
| Not Available |
| GO Classification
|
| Biological Process |
| phosphatidylcholine acyl-chain remodeling |
| positive regulation of platelet activation |
| phosphatidylglycerol catabolic process |
| monoacylglycerol biosynthetic process |
| glycerophospholipid catabolic process |
| prostaglandin biosynthetic process |
| leukotriene biosynthetic process |
| phosphatidylcholine catabolic process |
| arachidonic acid metabolic process |
| glycerol metabolic process |
| Cellular Component |
| nuclear envelope |
| cytoplasm |
| endoplasmic reticulum |
| nucleus |
| cytosol |
| Golgi membrane |
| Golgi apparatus |
| Molecular Function |
| phospholipase A2 activity |
| calcium ion binding |
| calcium-dependent phospholipase A2 activity |
| calcium-dependent phospholipid binding |
| calcium-independent phospholipase A2 activity |
| O-acyltransferase activity |
| phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate binding |
| phosphatidylinositol-5-phosphate binding |
| ceramide 1-phosphate binding |
| phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate binding |
| phospholipase A2 activity (consuming 1,2-dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine) |
| phospholipase A2 activity consuming 1,2-dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine) |
| phosphatidyl phospholipase B activity |
| lysophospholipase activity |
|
| Cellular Location
|
Not Available
|
| Gene Properties |
|---|
| Chromosome Location
| Not Available |
| Locus
| Not Available |
| SNPs
| Not Available |
| Gene Sequence
|
Not Available
|
| Protein Properties |
|---|
| Number of Residues
| 749 |
| Molecular Weight
| 85349.56 |
| Theoretical pI
| 5.505 |
| Pfam Domain Function
|
|
| Signals
|
Not Available
|
|
Transmembrane Regions
|
Not Available
|
| Protein Sequence
|
Not Available
|
| External Links |
|---|
| GenBank ID Protein
| Not Available |
| UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID
| A4IFJ5 |
| UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name
| PA24A_BOVIN |
| PDB IDs
|
Not Available |
| GenBank Gene ID
| Not Available |
| GeneCard ID
| Not Available |
| GenAtlas ID
| Not Available |
| HGNC ID
| Not Available |
| References |
|---|
| General References
| - Diouf MN, Sayasith K, Lefebvre R, Silversides DW, Sirois J, Lussier JG: Expression of phospholipase A2 group IVA (PLA2G4A) is upregulated by human chorionic gonadotropin in bovine granulosa cells of ovulatory follicles. Biol Reprod. 2006 Jun;74(6):1096-103. doi: 10.1095/biolreprod.105.048579. Epub 2006 Mar 1. [PubMed:16510840 ]
|
