| Record Information |
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| Version | 5.0 |
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| Status | Detected but not Quantified |
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| Creation Date | 2014-10-08 15:56:15 UTC |
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| Update Date | 2023-02-21 17:30:28 UTC |
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| HMDB ID | HMDB0061869 |
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| Secondary Accession Numbers | |
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| Metabolite Identification |
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| Common Name | Acetonitrile |
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| Description | Acetonitrile, also known as CH3-C#N or cyanomethane, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as nitriles. Nitriles are compounds having the structure RC#N; thus C-substituted derivatives of hydrocyanic acid, HC#N. Acetonitrile is the chemical compound with the formula CH3CN. Acetonitrile is possibly neutral. Acetonitrile is a potentially toxic compound. Consequently the primary mechanism of toxicity for organic nitriles is their production of toxic cyanide ions or hydrogen cyanide. Skin contact with cyanide salts can irritate and produce sores. Antidotes to cyanide poisoning include hydroxocobalamin and sodium nitrite, which release the cyanide from the cytochrome system, and rhodanase, which is an enzyme occurring naturally in mammals that combines serum cyanide with thiosulfate, producing comparatively harmless thiocyanate. Exposure to high levels of cyanide for a short time harms the brain and heart and can even cause coma, seizures, apnea, cardiac arrest and death. |
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| Structure | InChI=1S/C2H3N/c1-2-3/h1H3 |
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| Synonyms | | Value | Source |
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| CH3-C#N | ChEBI | | Cyanomethane | ChEBI | | Ethanenitrile | ChEBI | | MeCN | ChEBI | | Methyl cyanide | ChEBI | | NCMe | ChEBI | | Acetonitrile, 3H-labeled | HMDB | | Acetonitrile, 1-(14)C-labeled | HMDB |
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| Chemical Formula | C2H3N |
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| Average Molecular Weight | 41.0519 |
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| Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 41.026549101 |
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| IUPAC Name | acetonitrile |
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| Traditional Name | acetonitrile |
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| CAS Registry Number | 75-05-8 |
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| SMILES | CC#N |
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| InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C2H3N/c1-2-3/h1H3 |
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| InChI Key | WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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| Chemical Taxonomy |
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| Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as nitriles. Nitriles are compounds having the structure RC#N; thus C-substituted derivatives of hydrocyanic acid, HC#N. |
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| Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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| Super Class | Organic nitrogen compounds |
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| Class | Organonitrogen compounds |
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| Sub Class | Organic cyanides |
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| Direct Parent | Nitriles |
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| Alternative Parents | |
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| Substituents | - Nitrile
- Carbonitrile
- Organopnictogen compound
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Aliphatic acyclic compound
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| Molecular Framework | Aliphatic acyclic compounds |
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| External Descriptors | |
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| Ontology |
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| Physiological effect | Not Available |
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| Disposition | |
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| Process | Not Available |
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| Role | |
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| Physical Properties |
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| State | Not Available |
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| Experimental Molecular Properties | | Property | Value | Reference |
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| Melting Point | Not Available | Not Available | | Boiling Point | Not Available | Not Available | | Water Solubility | Not Available | Not Available | | LogP | Not Available | Not Available |
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| Experimental Chromatographic Properties | Not Available |
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| Predicted Molecular Properties | |
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| Predicted Chromatographic Properties | Predicted Collision Cross Sections| Predictor | Adduct Type | CCS Value (Å2) | Reference |
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| DeepCCS | [M+H]+ | 112.814 | 30932474 | | DeepCCS | [M-H]- | 111.059 | 30932474 | | DeepCCS | [M-2H]- | 146.313 | 30932474 | | DeepCCS | [M+Na]+ | 119.743 | 30932474 |
Predicted Retention Times Underivatized| Chromatographic Method | Retention Time | Reference |
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| Measured using a Waters Acquity ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC) ethylene-bridged hybrid (BEH) C18 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm; 1.7 μmparticle diameter). Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022. Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022. | 1.24 minutes | 32390414 | | Predicted by Siyang on May 30, 2022 | 10.4736 minutes | 33406817 | | Predicted by Siyang using ReTip algorithm on June 8, 2022 | 4.41 minutes | 32390414 | | Fem_Long = Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 1090.0 seconds | 40023050 | | Fem_Lipids = Ascentis Express C18 with (60:40 water:ACN):(90:10 IPA:ACN) and 10mM NH4COOH + 0.1% Formic Acid | 468.9 seconds | 40023050 | | Life_Old = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:(20:80 acetone:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid | 196.2 seconds | 40023050 | | Life_New = RP Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:(30:70 MeOH:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid | 358.5 seconds | 40023050 | | RIKEN = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 159.0 seconds | 40023050 | | Eawag_XBridgeC18 = XBridge C18 3.5u 2.1x50 mm with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 363.9 seconds | 40023050 | | BfG_NTS_RP1 =Agilent Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 (2.1 mm x 150 mm, 3.5 um) with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 463.8 seconds | 40023050 | | HILIC_BDD_2 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN(0.1% formic acid):water(16 mM ammonium formate) | 434.3 seconds | 40023050 | | UniToyama_Atlantis = RP Waters Atlantis T3 (2.1 x 150 mm, 5 um) with ACN:Water and 0.1% Formic Acid | 762.2 seconds | 40023050 | | BDD_C18 = Hypersil Gold 1.9µm C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 267.7 seconds | 40023050 | | UFZ_Phenomenex = Kinetex Core-Shell C18 2.6 um, 3.0 x 100 mm, Phenomenex with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 887.0 seconds | 40023050 | | SNU_RIKEN_POS = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 300.8 seconds | 40023050 | | RPMMFDA = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 344.1 seconds | 40023050 | | MTBLS87 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water and :ammonium carbonate | 683.4 seconds | 40023050 | | KI_GIAR_zic_HILIC_pH2_7 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN:Water and 0.1% FA | 423.7 seconds | 40023050 | | Meister zic-pHILIC pH9.3 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water 5mM NH4Ac pH9.3 and 5mM ammonium acetate in water | 234.0 seconds | 40023050 |
Predicted Kovats Retention IndicesUnderivatized| Metabolite | SMILES | Kovats RI Value | Column Type | Reference |
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| Acetonitrile | CC#N | 953.4 | Standard polar | 33892256 | | Acetonitrile | CC#N | 398.7 | Standard non polar | 33892256 | | Acetonitrile | CC#N | 418.4 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 |
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| Spectra |
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| GC-MS Spectra| Spectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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| Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Acetonitrile EI-B (Non-derivatized) | splash10-0006-9000000000-44611647c11b54cc181f | 2017-09-12 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Acetonitrile EI-B (Non-derivatized) | splash10-0006-9000000000-bf970518821dd2c06001 | 2017-09-12 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Acetonitrile EI-B (Non-derivatized) | splash10-0006-9000000000-6af7455c7bc61c954070 | 2017-09-12 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Acetonitrile EI-B (Non-derivatized) | splash10-0006-9000000000-836514fd6b54edefa88e | 2017-09-12 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Acetonitrile EI-B (Non-derivatized) | splash10-0006-9000000000-44611647c11b54cc181f | 2018-05-18 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Acetonitrile EI-B (Non-derivatized) | splash10-0006-9000000000-bf970518821dd2c06001 | 2018-05-18 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Acetonitrile EI-B (Non-derivatized) | splash10-0006-9000000000-6af7455c7bc61c954070 | 2018-05-18 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Acetonitrile EI-B (Non-derivatized) | splash10-0006-9000000000-836514fd6b54edefa88e | 2018-05-18 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Acetonitrile GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-0006-9000000000-6e1f4ab882eb15de3317 | 2017-09-20 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Acetonitrile GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Acetonitrile GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | MS | Mass Spectrum (Electron Ionization) | splash10-0006-9000000000-6fc27dfe150133064baf | 2014-09-20 | Not Available | View Spectrum |
MS/MS Spectra| Spectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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| Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Acetonitrile 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0006-9000000000-9f69695bfe2ad813c468 | 2015-04-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Acetonitrile 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0006-9000000000-9f69695bfe2ad813c468 | 2015-04-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Acetonitrile 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0006-9000000000-9f69695bfe2ad813c468 | 2015-04-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Acetonitrile 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0006-9000000000-f33e0a1e80895824a9ef | 2015-04-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Acetonitrile 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0006-9000000000-f33e0a1e80895824a9ef | 2015-04-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Acetonitrile 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0006-9000000000-f33e0a1e80895824a9ef | 2015-04-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Acetonitrile 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0006-9000000000-ff7f2c935a022bb6caf6 | 2021-09-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Acetonitrile 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0006-9000000000-ff7f2c935a022bb6caf6 | 2021-09-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Acetonitrile 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0006-9000000000-0e4372e3196a2c9f48fb | 2021-09-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Acetonitrile 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0006-9000000000-084674f982c41369c184 | 2021-09-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Acetonitrile 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0006-9000000000-084674f982c41369c184 | 2021-09-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Acetonitrile 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0006-9000000000-084674f982c41369c184 | 2021-09-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
NMR Spectra| Spectrum Type | Description | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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| Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
IR Spectra| Spectrum Type | Description | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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| Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+H]+) | 2023-02-04 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+Na]+) | 2023-02-04 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum |
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| Biological Properties |
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| Cellular Locations | Not Available |
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| Biospecimen Locations | |
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| Tissue Locations | Not Available |
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| Pathways | |
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| Normal Concentrations |
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| Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | | Saliva | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Not Specified | Normal | | details |
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| Abnormal Concentrations |
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| Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Campylobacter jejuni infection | | details | | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Ulcerative Colitis | | details |
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| Associated Disorders and Diseases |
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| Disease References | | Ulcerative colitis |
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- Garner CE, Smith S, de Lacy Costello B, White P, Spencer R, Probert CS, Ratcliffe NM: Volatile organic compounds from feces and their potential for diagnosis of gastrointestinal disease. FASEB J. 2007 Jun;21(8):1675-88. Epub 2007 Feb 21. [PubMed:17314143 ]
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| Associated OMIM IDs | None |
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| External Links |
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| DrugBank ID | Not Available |
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| Phenol Explorer Compound ID | Not Available |
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| FooDB ID | Not Available |
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| KNApSAcK ID | Not Available |
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| Chemspider ID | Not Available |
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| KEGG Compound ID | Not Available |
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| BioCyc ID | Not Available |
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| BiGG ID | Not Available |
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| Wikipedia Link | Acetonitrile |
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| METLIN ID | Not Available |
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| PubChem Compound | 6342 |
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| PDB ID | Not Available |
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| ChEBI ID | 38472 |
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| Food Biomarker Ontology | Not Available |
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| VMH ID | Not Available |
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| MarkerDB ID | Not Available |
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| Good Scents ID | Not Available |
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| References |
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| Synthesis Reference | Not Available |
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| Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) | Not Available |
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| General References | - Hashimoto K: [Toxicology of acetonitrile]. Sangyo Igaku. 1991 Nov;33(6):463-74. [PubMed:1770614 ]
- Swanson JR, Krasselt WG: An acetonitrile-related death. J Forensic Sci. 1994 Jan;39(1):271-9. [PubMed:8113708 ]
- Strasser CE, Cronje S, Raubenheimer HG: (Acetonitrile-kappaN)penta-carbonyl-tungsten(0). Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2011 Jun 1;67(Pt 6):m772. doi: 10.1107/S1600536811017879. Epub 2011 May 20. [PubMed:21754656 ]
- Seo DM, Boyle PD, Henderson WA: Tetra-kis(acetonitrile-kappaN)lithium hexa-fluoridophosphate acetonitrile monosolvate. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2011 Aug 1;67(Pt 8):m1148. doi: 10.1107/S1600536811027528. Epub 2011 Jul 30. [PubMed:22090907 ]
- Benmebarek S, Boudraa M, Bouacida S, Merazig H: 2-(2-Nitro-phenyl-sulfin-yl)acetonitrile. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2013 Mar 1;69(Pt 3):o432. doi: 10.1107/S1600536813004832. Epub 2013 Feb 23. [PubMed:23476603 ]
- Wikipedia [Link]
- Wikipedia [Link]
- August Van Gysel, Frans Soeterbroeck, Geert Vermeulen, 'Acetonitrile Recycling Process.' U.S. Patent US20080073201, issued March 27, 2008. [Link]
- Gisela Olive, Salvador Olive, 'Process for preparing acetonitrile.' U.S. Patent US4058548, issued February, 1976. [Link]
- Robert D. Presson, Hsin-Chih Wu, Edward J. Sockell, 'Continuous acetonitrile recovery process.' U.S. Patent US4362603, issued August, 1966. [Link]
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