| Record Information |
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| Version | 5.0 |
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| Status | Detected but not Quantified |
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| Creation Date | 2012-09-11 20:51:13 UTC |
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| Update Date | 2022-09-22 18:35:10 UTC |
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| HMDB ID | HMDB0035830 |
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| Secondary Accession Numbers | |
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| Metabolite Identification |
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| Common Name | Genipin |
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| Description | Genipin is found in beverages. Genipin is a constituent of Genipa americana (genipap) Genipin is an aglycone derived from an iridoid glycoside called geniposide present in fruit of Gardenia jasminoides. Genipin is an excellent natural cross-linker for proteins, collagen, gelatin, and chitosan cross-linking. It has a low acute toxicity, with LD50 i.v. 382 mg/kg in mice, therefore, much less toxic than glutaraldehyde and many other commonly used synthetic cross-linking regents. It is also used for pharmaceutical purposes, such as choleretic action for liver diseases control |
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| Structure | COC(=O)C1=COC(O)C2C1CC=C2CO InChI=1S/C11H14O5/c1-15-10(13)8-5-16-11(14)9-6(4-12)2-3-7(8)9/h2,5,7,9,11-12,14H,3-4H2,1H3 |
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| Synonyms | | Value | Source |
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| Methyl 1-hydroxy-7-(hydroxymethyl)-1H,4ah,5H,7ah-cyclopenta[c]pyran-4-carboxylic acid | HMDB |
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| Chemical Formula | C11H14O5 |
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| Average Molecular Weight | 226.2259 |
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| Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 226.084123558 |
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| IUPAC Name | methyl 1-hydroxy-7-(hydroxymethyl)-1H,4aH,5H,7aH-cyclopenta[c]pyran-4-carboxylate |
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| Traditional Name | methyl 1-hydroxy-7-(hydroxymethyl)-1H,4aH,5H,7aH-cyclopenta[c]pyran-4-carboxylate |
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| CAS Registry Number | 6902-77-8 |
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| SMILES | COC(=O)C1=COC(O)C2C1CC=C2CO |
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| InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C11H14O5/c1-15-10(13)8-5-16-11(14)9-6(4-12)2-3-7(8)9/h2,5,7,9,11-12,14H,3-4H2,1H3 |
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| InChI Key | AZKVWQKMDGGDSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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| Chemical Taxonomy |
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| Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as iridoids and derivatives. These are monoterpenes containing a skeleton structurally characterized by the presence of a cylopentane fused to a pyran ( forming a 4,7-dimethylcyclopenta[c]pyran), or a derivative where the pentane moiety is open. |
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| Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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| Super Class | Lipids and lipid-like molecules |
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| Class | Prenol lipids |
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| Sub Class | Monoterpenoids |
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| Direct Parent | Iridoids and derivatives |
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| Alternative Parents | |
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| Substituents | - Iridoid-skeleton
- Bicyclic monoterpenoid
- Methyl ester
- Vinylogous ester
- Alpha,beta-unsaturated carboxylic ester
- Enoate ester
- Carboxylic acid ester
- Hemiacetal
- Carboxylic acid derivative
- Oxacycle
- Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
- Organoheterocyclic compound
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Organic oxide
- Alcohol
- Organic oxygen compound
- Organooxygen compound
- Primary alcohol
- Carbonyl group
- Aliphatic heteropolycyclic compound
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| Molecular Framework | Aliphatic heteropolycyclic compounds |
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| External Descriptors | Not Available |
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| Ontology |
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| Not Available | Not Available |
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| Physical Properties |
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| State | Solid |
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| Experimental Molecular Properties | | Property | Value | Reference |
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| Melting Point | 120 - 121 °C | Not Available | | Boiling Point | Not Available | Not Available | | Water Solubility | 100300 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) | The Good Scents Company Information System | | LogP | Not Available | Not Available |
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| Experimental Chromatographic Properties | Not Available |
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| Predicted Molecular Properties | |
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| Predicted Chromatographic Properties | Predicted Collision Cross SectionsPredicted Retention Times Underivatized| Chromatographic Method | Retention Time | Reference |
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| Measured using a Waters Acquity ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC) ethylene-bridged hybrid (BEH) C18 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm; 1.7 μmparticle diameter). Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022. Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022. | 3.78 minutes | 32390414 | | Predicted by Siyang on May 30, 2022 | 9.7175 minutes | 33406817 | | Predicted by Siyang using ReTip algorithm on June 8, 2022 | 2.01 minutes | 32390414 | | Fem_Long = Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 1477.5 seconds | 40023050 | | Fem_Lipids = Ascentis Express C18 with (60:40 water:ACN):(90:10 IPA:ACN) and 10mM NH4COOH + 0.1% Formic Acid | 247.8 seconds | 40023050 | | Life_Old = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:(20:80 acetone:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid | 111.3 seconds | 40023050 | | Life_New = RP Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:(30:70 MeOH:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid | 171.9 seconds | 40023050 | | RIKEN = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 54.5 seconds | 40023050 | | Eawag_XBridgeC18 = XBridge C18 3.5u 2.1x50 mm with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 244.4 seconds | 40023050 | | BfG_NTS_RP1 =Agilent Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 (2.1 mm x 150 mm, 3.5 um) with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 344.9 seconds | 40023050 | | HILIC_BDD_2 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN(0.1% formic acid):water(16 mM ammonium formate) | 215.6 seconds | 40023050 | | UniToyama_Atlantis = RP Waters Atlantis T3 (2.1 x 150 mm, 5 um) with ACN:Water and 0.1% Formic Acid | 726.5 seconds | 40023050 | | BDD_C18 = Hypersil Gold 1.9µm C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 297.0 seconds | 40023050 | | UFZ_Phenomenex = Kinetex Core-Shell C18 2.6 um, 3.0 x 100 mm, Phenomenex with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 935.9 seconds | 40023050 | | SNU_RIKEN_POS = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 211.4 seconds | 40023050 | | RPMMFDA = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 283.4 seconds | 40023050 | | MTBLS87 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water and :ammonium carbonate | 417.1 seconds | 40023050 | | KI_GIAR_zic_HILIC_pH2_7 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN:Water and 0.1% FA | 205.6 seconds | 40023050 | | Meister zic-pHILIC pH9.3 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water 5mM NH4Ac pH9.3 and 5mM ammonium acetate in water | 147.0 seconds | 40023050 |
Predicted Kovats Retention IndicesUnderivatizedDerivatized| Derivative Name / Structure | SMILES | Kovats RI Value | Column Type | Reference |
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| Genipin,1TMS,isomer #1 | COC(=O)C1=COC(O[Si](C)(C)C)C2C(CO)=CCC12 | 1975.4 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | Genipin,1TMS,isomer #2 | COC(=O)C1=COC(O)C2C(CO[Si](C)(C)C)=CCC12 | 1962.8 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | Genipin,2TMS,isomer #1 | COC(=O)C1=COC(O[Si](C)(C)C)C2C(CO[Si](C)(C)C)=CCC12 | 2030.3 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | Genipin,1TBDMS,isomer #1 | COC(=O)C1=COC(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C2C(CO)=CCC12 | 2183.5 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | Genipin,1TBDMS,isomer #2 | COC(=O)C1=COC(O)C2C(CO[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=CCC12 | 2176.3 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | Genipin,2TBDMS,isomer #1 | COC(=O)C1=COC(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C2C(CO[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=CCC12 | 2447.7 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 |
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| Spectra |
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| GC-MS Spectra| Spectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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| Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Genipin GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-0002-9500000000-2409d17d401e88924426 | 2017-09-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Genipin GC-MS (2 TMS) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-014i-4980000000-ca18f1a900ae4cd73f93 | 2017-10-06 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Genipin GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
MS/MS Spectra| Spectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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| Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Genipin LC-ESI-QTOF , negative-QTOF | splash10-0udi-0910000000-35002af93563dfe76481 | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Genipin LC-ESI-QTOF , negative-QTOF | splash10-0udi-0900000000-04804adc03388840c90d | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Genipin 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0udi-0910000000-7819ff2252201bad96c6 | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Genipin 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0udi-0900000000-04804adc03388840c90d | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Genipin 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-056r-0690000000-e314a3c7623690c4254a | 2015-04-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Genipin 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0a6s-2940000000-b60c31612ff6af2aa444 | 2015-04-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Genipin 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-002b-9800000000-848a0a7c4c880f96b1af | 2015-04-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Genipin 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-004i-1690000000-de3544e658f08c1f7e6f | 2015-04-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Genipin 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-00mk-1930000000-65e8bc938f4a26c99d83 | 2015-04-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Genipin 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-00ks-9600000000-389443ccaf5a29642052 | 2015-04-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Genipin 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-004i-0190000000-ac8ca4fb9caa5d769716 | 2021-09-23 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Genipin 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-004j-1960000000-614695d528ab6adc9650 | 2021-09-23 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Genipin 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-002n-6900000000-207ebabcf3252c46e3ea | 2021-09-23 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Genipin 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-004j-0970000000-cdc0e1823e4904e582a0 | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Genipin 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-056r-0940000000-5e507006469235e7b796 | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Genipin 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-004i-4900000000-7d0220e35ff86f862d87 | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
NMR Spectra| Spectrum Type | Description | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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| Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
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| Biological Properties |
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| Cellular Locations | - Cytoplasm
- Extracellular
- Membrane
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| Biospecimen Locations | |
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| Tissue Locations | Not Available |
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| Pathways | |
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| Normal Concentrations |
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| Not Available |
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| Abnormal Concentrations |
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| Blood | Expected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Asthma | | details | | Urine | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Asthma | | details |
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| Associated Disorders and Diseases |
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| Disease References | None |
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| Associated OMIM IDs | None |
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| External Links |
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| DrugBank ID | Not Available |
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| Phenol Explorer Compound ID | Not Available |
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| FooDB ID | FDB014596 |
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| KNApSAcK ID | C00000321 |
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| Chemspider ID | 21825 |
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| KEGG Compound ID | C09780 |
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| BioCyc ID | Not Available |
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| BiGG ID | Not Available |
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| Wikipedia Link | Genipin |
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| METLIN ID | Not Available |
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| PubChem Compound | 23340 |
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| PDB ID | Not Available |
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| ChEBI ID | 94318 |
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| Food Biomarker Ontology | Not Available |
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| VMH ID | Not Available |
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| MarkerDB ID | Not Available |
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| Good Scents ID | rw1851921 |
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| References |
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| Synthesis Reference | Not Available |
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| Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) | Not Available |
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| General References | - Cao H, Feng Q, Xu W, Li X, Kang Z, Ren Y, Du L: Genipin induced apoptosis associated with activation of the c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase and p53 protein in HeLa cells. Biol Pharm Bull. 2010;33(8):1343-8. [PubMed:20686229 ]
- Tian JS, Cui YL, Hu LM, Gao S, Chi W, Dong TJ, Liu LP: Antidepressant-like effect of genipin in mice. Neurosci Lett. 2010 Aug 2;479(3):236-9. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2010.05.069. Epub 2010 Jun 1. [PubMed:20561935 ]
- Kim BC, Kim HG, Lee SA, Lim S, Park EH, Kim SJ, Lim CJ: Genipin-induced apoptosis in hepatoma cells is mediated by reactive oxygen species/c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase-dependent activation of mitochondrial pathway. Biochem Pharmacol. 2005 Nov 1;70(9):1398-407. [PubMed:16143311 ]
- Koo HJ, Lim KH, Jung HJ, Park EH: Anti-inflammatory evaluation of gardenia extract, geniposide and genipin. J Ethnopharmacol. 2006 Feb 20;103(3):496-500. Epub 2005 Sep 19. [PubMed:16169698 ]
- Simons K, Toomre D: Lipid rafts and signal transduction. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2000 Oct;1(1):31-9. [PubMed:11413487 ]
- Watson AD: Thematic review series: systems biology approaches to metabolic and cardiovascular disorders. Lipidomics: a global approach to lipid analysis in biological systems. J Lipid Res. 2006 Oct;47(10):2101-11. Epub 2006 Aug 10. [PubMed:16902246 ]
- Sethi JK, Vidal-Puig AJ: Thematic review series: adipocyte biology. Adipose tissue function and plasticity orchestrate nutritional adaptation. J Lipid Res. 2007 Jun;48(6):1253-62. Epub 2007 Mar 20. [PubMed:17374880 ]
- Lingwood D, Simons K: Lipid rafts as a membrane-organizing principle. Science. 2010 Jan 1;327(5961):46-50. doi: 10.1126/science.1174621. [PubMed:20044567 ]
- (). Yannai, Shmuel. (2004) Dictionary of food compounds with CD-ROM: Additives, flavors, and ingredients. Boca Raton: Chapman & Hall/CRC.. .
- Gunstone, Frank D., John L. Harwood, and Albert J. Dijkstra (2007). The lipid handbook with CD-ROM. CRC Press.
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