| Record Information |
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| Version | 5.0 |
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| Status | Detected and Quantified |
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| Creation Date | 2007-04-12 18:42:28 UTC |
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| Update Date | 2021-10-13 04:47:45 UTC |
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| HMDB ID | HMDB0005960 |
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| Secondary Accession Numbers | - HMDB0062767
- HMDB05960
- HMDB62767
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| Metabolite Identification |
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| Common Name | D-Pipecolic acid |
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| Description | D-Pipecolic acid is a normal human metabolite found in human biofluids. Normal adults excrete pipecolic acid primarily as the D-enantiomer even though it is present in the blood stream mainly as the L-enantiomer. It is believed that D-pipecolic acid originates from the metabolism of intestinal bacteria and from dietary sources. High levels of D-pipecolic acid are not found in plasma, but they are increased in urine of patients with chronic liver disease (PMID: 6501504 , 6490790 , 11719476 , 8398594 ). |
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| Structure | InChI=1S/C6H11NO2/c8-6(9)5-3-1-2-4-7-5/h5,7H,1-4H2,(H,8,9)/t5-/m1/s1 |
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| Synonyms | | Value | Source |
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| (R)-Pipecolic acid | ChEBI | | (R)-Piperidine-2-carboxylic acid | ChEBI | | 6-CARBOXYPIPERIDINE | ChEBI | | (R)-Pipecolate | Generator | | (R)-Piperidine-2-carboxylate | Generator | | D-Pipecolate | Generator | | (+)-Pipecolic acid | HMDB | | (+)-Pipecolinic acid | HMDB | | (2R)-2-Piperidinecarboxylic acid | HMDB | | (2R)-Piperidine-2-carboxylic acid | HMDB | | (R)-()-2-Piperidinecarboxylic acid | HMDB | | (R)-(+)-Pipecolic acid | HMDB | | (R)-2-Piperidinecarboxylic acid | HMDB | | (R)-Pipecolinic acid | HMDB | | D-(+)- Pipecolic acid | HMDB | | D-(+)-Pipecolic acid | HMDB | | D-Homoproline | HMDB | | D-Pipecolinic acid | HMDB | | D-Piperidine-2-carboxylic acid | HMDB |
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| Chemical Formula | C6H11NO2 |
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| Average Molecular Weight | 129.157 |
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| Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 129.078978601 |
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| IUPAC Name | (2R)-piperidine-2-carboxylic acid |
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| Traditional Name | (+)-pipecolic acid |
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| CAS Registry Number | 1723-00-8 |
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| SMILES | OC(=O)[C@H]1CCCCN1 |
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| InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C6H11NO2/c8-6(9)5-3-1-2-4-7-5/h5,7H,1-4H2,(H,8,9)/t5-/m1/s1 |
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| InChI Key | HXEACLLIILLPRG-RXMQYKEDSA-N |
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| Chemical Taxonomy |
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| Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as d-alpha-amino acids. These are alpha amino acids which have the D-configuration of the alpha-carbon atom. |
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| Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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| Super Class | Organic acids and derivatives |
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| Class | Carboxylic acids and derivatives |
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| Sub Class | Amino acids, peptides, and analogues |
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| Direct Parent | D-alpha-amino acids |
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| Alternative Parents | |
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| Substituents | - D-alpha-amino acid
- Piperidinecarboxylic acid
- Piperidine
- Amino acid
- Carboxylic acid
- Secondary aliphatic amine
- Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
- Secondary amine
- Organoheterocyclic compound
- Azacycle
- Organic oxygen compound
- Organic nitrogen compound
- Organooxygen compound
- Organonitrogen compound
- Amine
- Carbonyl group
- Organopnictogen compound
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Organic oxide
- Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compound
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| Molecular Framework | Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compounds |
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| External Descriptors | |
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| Ontology |
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| Physiological effect | |
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| Disposition | |
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| Process | Not Available |
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| Role | |
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| Physical Properties |
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| State | Solid |
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| Experimental Molecular Properties | |
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| Experimental Chromatographic Properties | Not Available |
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| Predicted Molecular Properties | |
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| Predicted Chromatographic Properties | Predicted Collision Cross SectionsPredicted Retention Times Underivatized| Chromatographic Method | Retention Time | Reference |
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| Measured using a Waters Acquity ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC) ethylene-bridged hybrid (BEH) C18 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm; 1.7 μmparticle diameter). Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022. Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022. | 1.09 minutes | 32390414 | | Measured using a Waters Acquity ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC) ethylene-bridged hybrid (BEH) C18 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm; 1.7 μmparticle diameter). Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022. Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022. | -5.51 minutes | 32390414 | | Predicted by Siyang on May 30, 2022 | 8.8951 minutes | 33406817 | | Predicted by Siyang using ReTip algorithm on June 8, 2022 | 5.99 minutes | 32390414 | | AjsUoB = Accucore 150 Amide HILIC with 10mM Ammonium Formate, 0.1% Formic Acid | 351.7 seconds | 40023050 | | Fem_Long = Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 514.8 seconds | 40023050 | | Fem_Lipids = Ascentis Express C18 with (60:40 water:ACN):(90:10 IPA:ACN) and 10mM NH4COOH + 0.1% Formic Acid | 290.8 seconds | 40023050 | | Life_Old = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:(20:80 acetone:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid | 65.5 seconds | 40023050 | | Life_New = RP Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:(30:70 MeOH:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid | 176.6 seconds | 40023050 | | RIKEN = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 59.6 seconds | 40023050 | | Eawag_XBridgeC18 = XBridge C18 3.5u 2.1x50 mm with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 260.4 seconds | 40023050 | | BfG_NTS_RP1 =Agilent Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 (2.1 mm x 150 mm, 3.5 um) with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 235.8 seconds | 40023050 | | HILIC_BDD_2 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN(0.1% formic acid):water(16 mM ammonium formate) | 756.3 seconds | 40023050 | | UniToyama_Atlantis = RP Waters Atlantis T3 (2.1 x 150 mm, 5 um) with ACN:Water and 0.1% Formic Acid | 582.2 seconds | 40023050 | | BDD_C18 = Hypersil Gold 1.9µm C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 51.4 seconds | 40023050 | | UFZ_Phenomenex = Kinetex Core-Shell C18 2.6 um, 3.0 x 100 mm, Phenomenex with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 677.7 seconds | 40023050 | | SNU_RIKEN_POS = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 170.4 seconds | 40023050 | | RPMMFDA = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 197.4 seconds | 40023050 | | MTBLS87 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water and :ammonium carbonate | 858.9 seconds | 40023050 | | KI_GIAR_zic_HILIC_pH2_7 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN:Water and 0.1% FA | 433.1 seconds | 40023050 | | Meister zic-pHILIC pH9.3 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water 5mM NH4Ac pH9.3 and 5mM ammonium acetate in water | 309.9 seconds | 40023050 |
Predicted Kovats Retention IndicesUnderivatizedDerivatized| Derivative Name / Structure | SMILES | Kovats RI Value | Column Type | Reference |
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| D-Pipecolic acid,1TMS,isomer #1 | C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)[C@H]1CCCCN1 | 1261.2 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | D-Pipecolic acid,1TMS,isomer #2 | C[Si](C)(C)N1CCCC[C@@H]1C(=O)O | 1355.4 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | D-Pipecolic acid,2TMS,isomer #1 | C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)[C@H]1CCCCN1[Si](C)(C)C | 1344.3 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | D-Pipecolic acid,2TMS,isomer #1 | C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)[C@H]1CCCCN1[Si](C)(C)C | 1406.9 | Standard non polar | 33892256 | | D-Pipecolic acid,2TMS,isomer #1 | C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)[C@H]1CCCCN1[Si](C)(C)C | 1703.7 | Standard polar | 33892256 | | D-Pipecolic acid,1TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)[C@H]1CCCCN1 | 1500.1 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | D-Pipecolic acid,1TBDMS,isomer #2 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N1CCCC[C@@H]1C(=O)O | 1575.4 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | D-Pipecolic acid,2TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)[C@H]1CCCCN1[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 1828.0 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | D-Pipecolic acid,2TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)[C@H]1CCCCN1[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 1828.8 | Standard non polar | 33892256 | | D-Pipecolic acid,2TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)[C@H]1CCCCN1[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 1961.8 | Standard polar | 33892256 |
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| Spectra |
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| GC-MS Spectra| Spectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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| Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - D-Pipecolic acid GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-001i-9100000000-335cf7f41fca5cbc84cf | 2017-09-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - D-Pipecolic acid GC-MS (1 TMS) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-001i-9100000000-4611bf819d3b9d4fd062 | 2017-10-06 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - D-Pipecolic acid GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
MS/MS Spectra| Spectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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| Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Pipecolic acid 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-001i-3900000000-bf71d20a7c8e71d335e5 | 2017-09-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Pipecolic acid 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-001i-9400000000-fa70645b026293d659de | 2017-09-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Pipecolic acid 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-053u-9000000000-f849cc3c4b11bc7d4de7 | 2017-09-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Pipecolic acid 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-004i-2900000000-bf800b5cd197887a11d5 | 2017-09-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Pipecolic acid 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-003r-7900000000-8a0e9f51df4006740863 | 2017-09-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Pipecolic acid 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-001i-9000000000-effc196b5c15971f985a | 2017-09-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Pipecolic acid 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-001i-9300000000-cb8df30f7267d610fd8d | 2021-09-23 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Pipecolic acid 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-001i-9000000000-72c8691eb15dce6e0abb | 2021-09-23 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Pipecolic acid 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-053r-9000000000-c7623c5058ad6c879ec3 | 2021-09-23 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Pipecolic acid 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-004i-0900000000-b487cd2a72f17977a8cd | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Pipecolic acid 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-01t9-1900000000-83b59287dc6d3e726326 | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Pipecolic acid 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0036-9200000000-3ca813e7348e686ed922 | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
NMR Spectra| Spectrum Type | Description | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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| Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
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| Biological Properties |
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| Cellular Locations | Not Available |
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| Biospecimen Locations | |
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| Tissue Locations | Not Available |
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| Pathways | |
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| Normal Concentrations |
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| Blood | Detected and Quantified | 0.11 +/- 0.10 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details |
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| Abnormal Concentrations |
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| Blood | Detected and Quantified | 0.16 +/- 0.14 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Uremia | | details | | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 1.58 +/- 0.50 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Hepatic Encephalopathy | | details |
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| Associated Disorders and Diseases |
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| Disease References | | Uremia |
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- Fujita T, Amuro Y, Hada T, Higashino K: Plasma levels of pipecolic acid, both L- and D-enantiomers, in patients with chronic liver diseases, especially hepatic encephalopathy. Clin Chim Acta. 1999 Sep;287(1-2):99-109. [PubMed:10509899 ]
| | Hepatic encephalopathy |
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- Fujita T, Amuro Y, Hada T, Higashino K: Plasma levels of pipecolic acid, both L- and D-enantiomers, in patients with chronic liver diseases, especially hepatic encephalopathy. Clin Chim Acta. 1999 Sep;287(1-2):99-109. [PubMed:10509899 ]
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| Associated OMIM IDs | None |
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| External Links |
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| DrugBank ID | Not Available |
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| Phenol Explorer Compound ID | Not Available |
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| FooDB ID | FDB023791 |
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| KNApSAcK ID | Not Available |
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| Chemspider ID | 643442 |
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| KEGG Compound ID | Not Available |
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| BioCyc ID | Not Available |
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| BiGG ID | Not Available |
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| Wikipedia Link | Pipecolic acid |
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| METLIN ID | Not Available |
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| PubChem Compound | 736316 |
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| PDB ID | Not Available |
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| ChEBI ID | 41582 |
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| Food Biomarker Ontology | Not Available |
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| VMH ID | Not Available |
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| MarkerDB ID | MDB00000476 |
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| Good Scents ID | rw1234121 |
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| References |
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| Synthesis Reference | Fadel, Antoine; Lahrache, Nabil. An efficient synthesis of enantiomerically pure (R)-pipecolic acid, (S)-proline, and their N-alkylated derivatives. Journal of Organic Chemistry (2007), 72(5), 1780-1784. |
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| Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) | Download (PDF) |
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| General References | - Lam S: Stereoselective analysis of D and L dansyl amino acids as the mixed chelate copper(II) complexes by HPLC. J Chromatogr Sci. 1984 Sep;22(9):416-23. [PubMed:6490790 ]
- Lam S, Azumaya H, Karmen A: High-performance liquid chromatography of amino acids in urine and cerebrospinal fluid. J Chromatogr. 1984 Oct 19;302:21-9. [PubMed:6501504 ]
- Rashed MS, Al-Ahaidib LY, Aboul-Enein HY, Al-Amoudi M, Jacob M: Determination of L-pipecolic acid in plasma using chiral liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. Clin Chem. 2001 Dec;47(12):2124-30. [PubMed:11719476 ]
- Armstrong DW, Gasper M, Lee SH, Zukowski J, Ercal N: D-amino acid levels in human physiological fluids. Chirality. 1993;5(5):375-8. [PubMed:8398594 ]
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