| Record Information |
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| Version | 5.0 |
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| Status | Detected and Quantified |
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| Creation Date | 2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC |
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| Update Date | 2023-02-21 17:15:41 UTC |
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| HMDB ID | HMDB0001411 |
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| Secondary Accession Numbers | |
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| Metabolite Identification |
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| Common Name | Cotinine N-oxide |
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| Description | Cotinine N-oxide is a minor metabolite of nicotine, cotinine formation being the major pathway of nicotine metabolism in smokers. Cotinine N-oxide accounts for less than 5% of the nicotine dose. Cotinine N-oxide can be reduced back to the parent amine in vivo. Nicotine is a naturally occurring alkaloid found in many plants. The principal sources of nicotine exposure are through the use of tobacco, nicotine containing gum and nicotine replacement therapies. Nicotine is an amine composed of pyridine and pyrrolidine rings. It has been shown that nicotine crosses biological membranes and the blood brain barrier easily. The absorbed nicotine is extensively metabolized in the liver to form a wide variety of metabolites including and cotinine N-oxide. Nicotine has been shown to affect a wide variety of biological functions ranging from gene expression, regulation of hormone secretion and enzyme activities. (PMID: 16359169 , 15109883 ). |
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| Structure | CN1[C@@H](CCC1=O)C1=C[N+]([O-])=CC=C1 InChI=1S/C10H12N2O2/c1-11-9(4-5-10(11)13)8-3-2-6-12(14)7-8/h2-3,6-7,9H,4-5H2,1H3/t9-/m0/s1 |
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| Synonyms | | Value | Source |
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| (-)-Cotinine N-oxide | ChEBI | | (5S)-1-Methyl-5-(1-oxido-3-pyridinyl)-2-pyrrolidinone | ChEBI | | (S)-1-Methyl-5-(1-oxido-3-pyridinyl)-2-pyrrolidinone | ChEBI | | (S)-1-Methyl-5-(3-pyridinyl)-2-pyrrolidinone N-oxide | ChEBI | | 3-[(2S)-1-Methyl-5-oxopyrrolidin-2-yl]pyridin-1-ium-1-olate | ChEBI | | Cotinine-N-oxide | ChEBI | | 3-[(2S)-1-Methyl-5-oxopyrrolidin-2-yl]pyridin-1-ium-1-olic acid | Generator | | Cotinine-1-N-oxide | MeSH, HMDB |
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| Chemical Formula | C10H12N2O2 |
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| Average Molecular Weight | 192.2145 |
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| Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 192.089877638 |
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| IUPAC Name | 3-[(2S)-1-methyl-5-oxopyrrolidin-2-yl]pyridin-1-ium-1-olate |
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| Traditional Name | 3-[(2S)-1-methyl-5-oxopyrrolidin-2-yl]pyridin-1-ium-1-olate |
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| CAS Registry Number | 36508-80-2 |
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| SMILES | CN1[C@@H](CCC1=O)C1=C[N+]([O-])=CC=C1 |
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| InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C10H12N2O2/c1-11-9(4-5-10(11)13)8-3-2-6-12(14)7-8/h2-3,6-7,9H,4-5H2,1H3/t9-/m0/s1 |
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| InChI Key | CIPULDKLIIVIER-VIFPVBQESA-N |
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| Chemical Taxonomy |
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| Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as pyrrolidinylpyridines. Pyrrolidinylpyridines are compounds containing a pyrrolidinylpyridine ring system, which consists of a pyrrolidine ring linked to a pyridine ring. |
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| Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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| Super Class | Organoheterocyclic compounds |
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| Class | Pyridines and derivatives |
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| Sub Class | Pyrrolidinylpyridines |
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| Direct Parent | Pyrrolidinylpyridines |
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| Alternative Parents | |
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| Substituents | - Pyrrolidinylpyridine
- Alkaloid or derivatives
- Pyridinium
- Pyrrolidone
- 2-pyrrolidone
- N-alkylpyrrolidine
- Pyrrolidine
- Tertiary carboxylic acid amide
- Heteroaromatic compound
- Lactam
- Carboxamide group
- Carboxylic acid derivative
- Azacycle
- Carbonyl group
- Organic oxide
- Organopnictogen compound
- Organic oxygen compound
- Organic nitrogen compound
- Organooxygen compound
- Organonitrogen compound
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Aromatic heteromonocyclic compound
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| Molecular Framework | Aromatic heteromonocyclic compounds |
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| External Descriptors | Not Available |
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| Ontology |
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| Physiological effect | Not Available |
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| Disposition | |
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| Process | |
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| Role | |
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| Physical Properties |
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| State | Solid |
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| Experimental Molecular Properties | | Property | Value | Reference |
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| Melting Point | Not Available | Not Available | | Boiling Point | Not Available | Not Available | | Water Solubility | Not Available | Not Available | | LogP | Not Available | Not Available |
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| Experimental Chromatographic Properties | Not Available |
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| Predicted Molecular Properties | |
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| Predicted Chromatographic Properties | Predicted Collision Cross SectionsPredicted Retention Times Underivatized| Chromatographic Method | Retention Time | Reference |
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| Measured using a Waters Acquity ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC) ethylene-bridged hybrid (BEH) C18 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm; 1.7 μmparticle diameter). Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022. Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022. | 2.69 minutes | 32390414 | | Predicted by Siyang on May 30, 2022 | 8.8448 minutes | 33406817 | | Predicted by Siyang using ReTip algorithm on June 8, 2022 | 1.63 minutes | 32390414 | | Fem_Long = Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 824.8 seconds | 40023050 | | Fem_Lipids = Ascentis Express C18 with (60:40 water:ACN):(90:10 IPA:ACN) and 10mM NH4COOH + 0.1% Formic Acid | 249.1 seconds | 40023050 | | Life_Old = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:(20:80 acetone:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid | 86.1 seconds | 40023050 | | Life_New = RP Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:(30:70 MeOH:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid | 161.0 seconds | 40023050 | | RIKEN = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 54.2 seconds | 40023050 | | Eawag_XBridgeC18 = XBridge C18 3.5u 2.1x50 mm with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 238.3 seconds | 40023050 | | BfG_NTS_RP1 =Agilent Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 (2.1 mm x 150 mm, 3.5 um) with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 275.3 seconds | 40023050 | | HILIC_BDD_2 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN(0.1% formic acid):water(16 mM ammonium formate) | 462.4 seconds | 40023050 | | UniToyama_Atlantis = RP Waters Atlantis T3 (2.1 x 150 mm, 5 um) with ACN:Water and 0.1% Formic Acid | 596.8 seconds | 40023050 | | BDD_C18 = Hypersil Gold 1.9µm C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 40.4 seconds | 40023050 | | UFZ_Phenomenex = Kinetex Core-Shell C18 2.6 um, 3.0 x 100 mm, Phenomenex with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 739.6 seconds | 40023050 | | SNU_RIKEN_POS = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 157.4 seconds | 40023050 | | RPMMFDA = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 184.4 seconds | 40023050 | | MTBLS87 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water and :ammonium carbonate | 502.2 seconds | 40023050 | | KI_GIAR_zic_HILIC_pH2_7 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN:Water and 0.1% FA | 371.6 seconds | 40023050 | | Meister zic-pHILIC pH9.3 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water 5mM NH4Ac pH9.3 and 5mM ammonium acetate in water | 130.6 seconds | 40023050 |
Predicted Kovats Retention IndicesUnderivatized |
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| Spectra |
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| GC-MS Spectra| Spectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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| Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Cotinine N-oxide GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-007c-2900000000-b21511ca6ae8481af0e8 | 2017-09-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Cotinine N-oxide GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
MS/MS Spectra| Spectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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| Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Cotinine N-oxide 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0006-0900000000-c4eef2387e9f2b62d330 | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Cotinine N-oxide 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0006-0900000000-fef784f029be5b488c33 | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Cotinine N-oxide 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0kmj-4900000000-68e5ea5e4ec111232d7d | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Cotinine N-oxide 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0006-0900000000-2aae58a0b3f0a1cfff7e | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Cotinine N-oxide 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0006-1900000000-8a7a6a4c3590431d80ba | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Cotinine N-oxide 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0a4l-9400000000-db8d337314f54fbc6087 | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Cotinine N-oxide 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0006-0900000000-18fc00c031adb8129b3a | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Cotinine N-oxide 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0006-0900000000-18d8f25ee061190ca3b4 | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Cotinine N-oxide 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-00di-5900000000-e69e4e58d2b626f4e06b | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Cotinine N-oxide 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0006-0900000000-db2f5cc959f8b671bd15 | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Cotinine N-oxide 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0006-0900000000-32cfe0677b371918de71 | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Cotinine N-oxide 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-01bc-2900000000-ffd6d9f4ac3b44e62d61 | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
NMR Spectra| Spectrum Type | Description | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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| Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
IR Spectra| Spectrum Type | Description | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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| Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+H]+) | 2023-02-03 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+Na]+) | 2023-02-03 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum |
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| Biological Properties |
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| Cellular Locations | |
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| Biospecimen Locations | |
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| Tissue Locations | |
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| Pathways | |
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| Normal Concentrations |
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| Blood | Detected and Quantified | 0.000017 +/- 0.000006 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 0.24 +/- 0.19 umol/mmol creatinine | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details |
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| Abnormal Concentrations |
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| Not Available |
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| Associated Disorders and Diseases |
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| Disease References | None |
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| Associated OMIM IDs | None |
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| External Links |
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| DrugBank ID | Not Available |
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| Phenol Explorer Compound ID | Not Available |
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| FooDB ID | FDB022606 |
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| KNApSAcK ID | Not Available |
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| Chemspider ID | 7991264 |
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| KEGG Compound ID | Not Available |
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| BioCyc ID | CPD-3185 |
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| BiGG ID | Not Available |
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| Wikipedia Link | Not Available |
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| METLIN ID | 6227 |
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| PubChem Compound | 9815514 |
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| PDB ID | Not Available |
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| ChEBI ID | 89087 |
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| Food Biomarker Ontology | Not Available |
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| VMH ID | Not Available |
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| MarkerDB ID | Not Available |
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| Good Scents ID | Not Available |
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| References |
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| Synthesis Reference | Riah, Omar; Dousset, Jean Claude; Courriere, Philippe; Baziard-Mouysset, Genevieve; Ecalle, Rene. Synthesis of cotinine and cotinine N-oxide. Evaluation of their interaction with nicotine in the insecticidal activity. Natural Product Letters (1997), 11(1), 37-45. |
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| Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) | Download (PDF) |
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| General References | - Xu X, Iba MM, Weisel CP: Simultaneous and sensitive measurement of anabasine, nicotine, and nicotine metabolites in human urine by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Clin Chem. 2004 Dec;50(12):2323-30. Epub 2004 Oct 7. [PubMed:15472033 ]
- Zuccaro P, Altieri I, Rosa M, Passa AR, Pichini S, Ricciarello G, Pacifici R: Determination of nicotine and four metabolites in the serum of smokers by high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection. J Chromatogr. 1993 Nov 24;621(2):257-61. [PubMed:8294547 ]
- Jacob P 3rd, Shulgin AT, Yu L, Benowitz NL: Determination of the nicotine metabolite trans-3'-hydroxycotinine in urine of smokers using gas chromatography with nitrogen-selective detection or selected ion monitoring. J Chromatogr. 1992 Dec 2;583(2):145-54. [PubMed:1478978 ]
- Brown KM, von Weymarn LB, Murphy SE: Identification of N-(hydroxymethyl) norcotinine as a major product of cytochrome P450 2A6, but not cytochrome P450 2A13-catalyzed cotinine metabolism. Chem Res Toxicol. 2005 Dec;18(12):1792-8. [PubMed:16359169 ]
- Yildiz D: Nicotine, its metabolism and an overview of its biological effects. Toxicon. 2004 May;43(6):619-32. [PubMed:15109883 ]
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