| Record Information |
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| Version | 5.0 |
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| Status | Detected and Quantified |
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| Creation Date | 2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC |
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| Update Date | 2023-02-21 17:15:01 UTC |
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| HMDB ID | HMDB0000634 |
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| Secondary Accession Numbers | |
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| Metabolite Identification |
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| Common Name | Citraconic acid |
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| Description | Citraconic acid, also known as 2-methylmaleate or methylmaleic acid, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as methyl-branched fatty acids. These are fatty acids with an acyl chain that has a methyl branch. Usually, they are saturated and contain only one or more methyl group. However, branches other than methyl may be present. Citraconic acid is a dicarboxylic acid consisting of maleic acid having a methyl substituent at the 2-position. Citraconic acid exists as a white solid. It is the cis-isomer of mesaconic acid and is one of the pyrocitric acids formed upon the heating of citric acid. Citraconic acid has been detected in the urine of both normal and fasting individuals (PMID: 6778884 ). Citraconic acid is also elevated in the urine of individuals with methylmalonic acidaemia who have suffered ketotic attacks (PMID: 116077 ). Altered serum levels of citraconic acid have been detected in patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PMID: 28400566 ). |
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| Structure | InChI=1S/C5H6O4/c1-3(5(8)9)2-4(6)7/h2H,1H3,(H,6,7)(H,8,9)/b3-2- |
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| Synonyms | | Value | Source |
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| (Z)-2-Methyl-2-butenedioic acid | ChEBI | | 2-Methyl-2-butenedioic acid | ChEBI | | 2-Methylmaleic acid | ChEBI | | alpha-Methylmaleic acid | ChEBI | | cis-2-Methylbutenedioic acid | ChEBI | | cis-Methylbutenedioic acid | ChEBI | | Citraconsaeure | ChEBI | | Methyl-maleinsaeure | ChEBI | | Methylmaleic acid | ChEBI | | Citraconate | Kegg | | (Z)-2-Methyl-2-butenedioate | Generator | | 2-Methyl-2-butenedioate | Generator | | 2-Methylmaleate | Generator | | a-Methylmaleate | Generator | | a-Methylmaleic acid | Generator | | alpha-Methylmaleate | Generator | | Α-methylmaleate | Generator | | Α-methylmaleic acid | Generator | | cis-2-Methylbutenedioate | Generator | | cis-Methylbutenedioate | Generator | | Methylmaleate | Generator | | Citraconic acid, ammonium salt | HMDB | | Citraconic acid, calcium salt | HMDB | | Citraconic acid, sodium salt | HMDB | | Methylfumaric acid | HMDB | | (e)-2-Methyl-2-butenedioic acid | HMDB | | Citraconic acid, (e)-isomer | HMDB | | Mesaconic acid | HMDB | | Monomethylfumarate | HMDB |
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| Chemical Formula | C5H6O4 |
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| Average Molecular Weight | 130.0987 |
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| Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 130.02660868 |
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| IUPAC Name | (2Z)-2-methylbut-2-enedioic acid |
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| Traditional Name | citraconic acid |
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| CAS Registry Number | 498-23-7 |
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| SMILES | C\C(=C\C(O)=O)C(O)=O |
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| InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C5H6O4/c1-3(5(8)9)2-4(6)7/h2H,1H3,(H,6,7)(H,8,9)/b3-2- |
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| InChI Key | HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-IHWYPQMZSA-N |
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| Chemical Taxonomy |
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| Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as methyl-branched fatty acids. These are fatty acids with an acyl chain that has a methyl branch. Usually, they are saturated and contain only one or more methyl group. However, branches other than methyl may be present. |
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| Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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| Super Class | Lipids and lipid-like molecules |
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| Class | Fatty Acyls |
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| Sub Class | Fatty acids and conjugates |
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| Direct Parent | Methyl-branched fatty acids |
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| Alternative Parents | |
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| Substituents | - Methyl-branched fatty acid
- Unsaturated fatty acid
- Dicarboxylic acid or derivatives
- Carboxylic acid
- Carboxylic acid derivative
- Organic oxygen compound
- Organic oxide
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Organooxygen compound
- Carbonyl group
- Aliphatic acyclic compound
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| Molecular Framework | Aliphatic acyclic compounds |
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| External Descriptors | |
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| Ontology |
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| Not Available | Not Available |
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| Physical Properties |
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| State | Solid |
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| Experimental Molecular Properties | | Property | Value | Reference |
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| Melting Point | 88 - 94 °C | Not Available | | Boiling Point | Not Available | Not Available | | Water Solubility | 783 mg/mL | Not Available | | LogP | Not Available | Not Available |
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| Experimental Chromatographic Properties | Experimental Collision Cross Sections |
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| Predicted Molecular Properties | |
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| Predicted Chromatographic Properties | Predicted Collision Cross SectionsPredicted Retention Times Underivatized| Chromatographic Method | Retention Time | Reference |
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| Measured using a Waters Acquity ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC) ethylene-bridged hybrid (BEH) C18 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm; 1.7 μmparticle diameter). Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022. Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022. | 2.27 minutes | 32390414 | | Predicted by Siyang on May 30, 2022 | 10.5042 minutes | 33406817 | | Predicted by Siyang using ReTip algorithm on June 8, 2022 | 3.3 minutes | 32390414 | | AjsUoB = Accucore 150 Amide HILIC with 10mM Ammonium Formate, 0.1% Formic Acid | 117.7 seconds | 40023050 | | Fem_Long = Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 1036.1 seconds | 40023050 | | Fem_Lipids = Ascentis Express C18 with (60:40 water:ACN):(90:10 IPA:ACN) and 10mM NH4COOH + 0.1% Formic Acid | 384.9 seconds | 40023050 | | Life_Old = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:(20:80 acetone:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid | 69.3 seconds | 40023050 | | Life_New = RP Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:(30:70 MeOH:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid | 246.4 seconds | 40023050 | | RIKEN = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 79.0 seconds | 40023050 | | Eawag_XBridgeC18 = XBridge C18 3.5u 2.1x50 mm with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 285.7 seconds | 40023050 | | BfG_NTS_RP1 =Agilent Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 (2.1 mm x 150 mm, 3.5 um) with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 319.5 seconds | 40023050 | | HILIC_BDD_2 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN(0.1% formic acid):water(16 mM ammonium formate) | 356.0 seconds | 40023050 | | UniToyama_Atlantis = RP Waters Atlantis T3 (2.1 x 150 mm, 5 um) with ACN:Water and 0.1% Formic Acid | 690.9 seconds | 40023050 | | BDD_C18 = Hypersil Gold 1.9µm C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 193.9 seconds | 40023050 | | UFZ_Phenomenex = Kinetex Core-Shell C18 2.6 um, 3.0 x 100 mm, Phenomenex with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 984.8 seconds | 40023050 | | SNU_RIKEN_POS = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 232.1 seconds | 40023050 | | RPMMFDA = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 317.7 seconds | 40023050 | | MTBLS87 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water and :ammonium carbonate | 814.9 seconds | 40023050 | | KI_GIAR_zic_HILIC_pH2_7 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN:Water and 0.1% FA | 283.2 seconds | 40023050 | | Meister zic-pHILIC pH9.3 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water 5mM NH4Ac pH9.3 and 5mM ammonium acetate in water | 431.4 seconds | 40023050 |
Predicted Kovats Retention IndicesUnderivatizedDerivatized| Derivative Name / Structure | SMILES | Kovats RI Value | Column Type | Reference |
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| Citraconic acid,1TMS,isomer #1 | C/C(=C/C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)C(=O)O | 1324.8 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | Citraconic acid,1TMS,isomer #2 | C/C(=C/C(=O)O)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C | 1326.7 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | Citraconic acid,2TMS,isomer #1 | C/C(=C/C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C | 1388.2 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | Citraconic acid,1TBDMS,isomer #1 | C/C(=C/C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C(=O)O | 1567.9 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | Citraconic acid,1TBDMS,isomer #2 | C/C(=C/C(=O)O)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 1567.1 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | Citraconic acid,2TBDMS,isomer #1 | C/C(=C/C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 1802.1 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 |
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| GC-MS Spectra| Spectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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| Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Citraconic acid GC-MS (2 TMS) | splash10-053s-9830000000-9984d183d92e149a6ab4 | 2014-06-16 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Citraconic acid EI-B (Non-derivatized) | splash10-000i-9300000000-e6df22429c37d2a7f548 | 2017-09-12 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Citraconic acid GC-MS (Non-derivatized) | splash10-053s-9830000000-9984d183d92e149a6ab4 | 2017-09-12 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Citraconic acid GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized) | splash10-0002-1910000000-5eda2b2a1e8b0386b997 | 2017-09-12 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Citraconic acid GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-01q3-9200000000-640fe5e61db043d72d25 | 2017-08-28 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Citraconic acid GC-MS (2 TMS) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-05g3-9540000000-ba938fe63ed9356955c6 | 2017-10-06 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Citraconic acid GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Citraconic acid GC-MS (TMS_1_1) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-11-05 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Citraconic acid GC-MS (TMS_1_2) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-11-05 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Citraconic acid GC-MS (TBDMS_1_1) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-11-05 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Citraconic acid GC-MS (TBDMS_1_2) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-11-05 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Citraconic acid GC-MS (TBDMS_2_1) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-11-05 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
MS/MS Spectra| Spectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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| Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Citraconic acid Quattro_QQQ 10V, Negative-QTOF (Annotated) | splash10-000i-9100000000-707e9072305131e101d9 | 2012-07-24 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Citraconic acid Quattro_QQQ 25V, Negative-QTOF (Annotated) | splash10-0006-9000000000-2a007e703ec5aa2df51a | 2012-07-24 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Citraconic acid Quattro_QQQ 40V, Negative-QTOF (Annotated) | splash10-000f-9200000000-5095d8b00331302fe65f | 2012-07-24 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Citraconic acid LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-004i-2900000000-98ab39de610d4d7e428d | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Citraconic acid LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-000i-9000000000-1786e7db899e12344315 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Citraconic acid LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 30V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-000i-9000000000-a1b543932fc265020973 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Citraconic acid LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0006-9000000000-d5dc2c9fdcd47f64c404 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Citraconic acid LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 50V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0006-9000000000-81b2f20752aef9eee2e9 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Citraconic acid LC-ESI-QTOF (UPLC Q-Tof Premier, Waters) , Negative-QTOF | splash10-000i-9200000000-ddad81eb9311ec64a8c7 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Citraconic acid LC-ESI-QQ , negative-QTOF | splash10-004i-2900000000-98ab39de610d4d7e428d | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Citraconic acid LC-ESI-QQ , negative-QTOF | splash10-000i-9000000000-1786e7db899e12344315 | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Citraconic acid LC-ESI-QQ , negative-QTOF | splash10-000i-9000000000-a1b543932fc265020973 | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Citraconic acid LC-ESI-QQ , negative-QTOF | splash10-0006-9000000000-d5dc2c9fdcd47f64c404 | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Citraconic acid LC-ESI-QQ , negative-QTOF | splash10-0006-9000000000-81b2f20752aef9eee2e9 | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Citraconic acid LC-ESI-QTOF , negative-QTOF | splash10-000i-9200000000-ddad81eb9311ec64a8c7 | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Citraconic acid n/a 9V, positive-QTOF | splash10-001i-9000000000-243e35b5f07a2e972851 | 2020-07-22 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Citraconic acid QTOF 4V, positive-QTOF | splash10-03di-1900000000-e8a9dc6bff676e7ead5a | 2020-07-22 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Citraconic acid QTOF 5V, positive-QTOF | splash10-03di-1900000000-d2e84a4209df38673770 | 2020-07-22 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Citraconic acid QTOF 7V, positive-QTOF | splash10-03di-2900000000-214b108bacb2c899d800 | 2020-07-22 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Citraconic acid 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-01q9-4900000000-86e2b44f3c8ee5a18c48 | 2017-07-26 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Citraconic acid 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-02g9-9200000000-6d6e041c039e8649caf3 | 2017-07-26 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Citraconic acid 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-00kf-9000000000-7eeaf466a984bad3e0c8 | 2017-07-26 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Citraconic acid 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-004r-6900000000-69d0c4409d2eb535ceeb | 2017-07-26 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Citraconic acid 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-002r-9400000000-a67e18d9101e6c4863ec | 2017-07-26 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Citraconic acid 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-00ko-9100000000-6c212f68da0a408b4ea1 | 2017-07-26 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
NMR Spectra| Spectrum Type | Description | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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| Experimental 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, H2O, experimental) | 2012-12-04 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Experimental 2D NMR | [1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, H2O, experimental) | 2012-12-05 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
IR Spectra| Spectrum Type | Description | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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| Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M-H]-) | 2023-02-03 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+H]+) | 2023-02-03 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+Na]+) | 2023-02-03 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum |
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